The Republic of Indonesia has the world's largest archipelago, spanning 3,200 miles from east to west along the Equator. Indonesia's 17,000 (approximately) islands are spread out between two continents, Asia and Australia, and two oceans, the Indian and the Pacific.
Main Islands: Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Bali, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Irian Jaya (the western part of New Guinea).
Area: Total of Indonesia's lands is around 782,000 square-miles and its sea territory around 1,222,00 square-miles. That’s why Indonesia is known as agricultural country. Many kind of fruit can be found here, such as mango, salak, duku, watermelon, melon, delima, srikaya, rambutan, pineapple, coconut and many others tropical fruits.
Neighborhood Countries: Indonesia shares land border with Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam and Papua New Guinea and sea border with Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines and Australia.
Major Cities: Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, Semarang
Climate: Equatorial, but cooler in the highlands. Temperatures generally range from 20 – 25 degree celcius. Humidity ranges from 60 to 90 percent There are 2 seasons in Indonesia: "wet season" during last of October through April and its "dry season" from May through October, with slight variations in its regional sub-climatic zones.
PEOPLE
Population: With 179 million inhabitants in 1990, Indonesia is ranked the world's fourth most populous nation after China, India and Pakistan.
Language and Ethnicity: Indonesia is rich in art and culture. The inhabitants of the Indonesia archipelago constitute multiple diverse of some 300 distinct cultures, each with its own individual language or dialect. Virtually all Indonesians are united by a common national language, that’s called ‘Bahasa Indonesia’.
The basic principles which guide their people’s life are the concepts of mutual assistance or "gotong royong" and consultations or "musyawarah" to arrive at a consensus or mufakat. Derived from rural life, this system is still very much in use in community life throughout the country.
Religion: A full 85 percent of Indonesians subscribe to the Islamic faith, ten percent to Christianity, two percent to Hinduism, and three percent to either Buddhism or animism. Religious influences on the community are variously evident from island to island.
Education: Ninety percent of Indonesians attend primary schools, and 86.3 percent are literate. There are 90 state universities and over 200 private universities.
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